This unit is one of the important topics for NEET. Students should concentrate over the sequence of various parts of alimentary canal, sphincters, types of cells in gastric glands and their secretions, formation of succus entericus, functions of liver, sequence of the action of proteases etc., They should learn the methods followed by the end products of digestion during their entry into blood capillaries and lacteals. Prepare the comparative study of various types of digestive juices, their pH values and enzymes in them.
TRUTHS about TEETH in human beings…
1) Dental formula of adult (permanent):
2/2 ; 1/1 ; 2/2 ; 3/3
2) Dental formula of milk dentition:
2/2 ; 1/1 ; 0/0 ; 2/2
3) Teeth which is part of milk dentition:
Incisors, Canines, Molars except wisdom teeth.
4) Number of teeth formed for only time: 12 (8 premolars, 4 molars)
5) Number of teeth of different categories:
a) Incisors – 8;
b) Canines – 4;
c) Premolars – 8;
d) Molars – 12
In the topic of breathing and exchange of gases, they should concentrate over mechanism of breathing, respiratory volumes and capacities, transport of gases etc.,
Students should practice about changes in oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve at various places like alveoli, tissues and active skeletal muscles.
Occurrence of Chloride shift and reverse chloride shift and their significance is also important.
They should prepare the role of nervous system in the maintenance of respiratory rhythm in different conditions
Previous Questions
1. Which hormones do stimulate the production of pancreatic juice and bicarbonate?
1) Angiotensin and epinephrine
2) Gastrin and insulin
3) Cholecystokinin and secretin
4) Insulin and glucagon
2. The partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli of the lungs is:
1) Equal to that in the blood
2) More than that in the blood
3) Less than that in the blood
4) Less than that of carbon dioxide
3. Lungs do not collapse between breaths and some air always remains in the lungs which can
never be expelled because:
1) There is a negative pressure in the lungs
2) There is a negative intrapleural pressure pulling at the lung walls
3) There is a positive intrapleural pressure
4) Pressure in the lungs is higher than the atmospheric pressure
4. Name the chronic respiratory disorder caused mainly by cigarette smoking:
1) Emphysema
2) Asthma
3) Respiratory acidosis
4) Respiratory alkalosis
5. Asthma may be attributed to:
1) bacterial infection of the lungs
2) allergic reaction of the mast cells in the lungs
3) inflammation of the trachea
4) accumulation of fluid in the lungs
6. In the stomach, gastric acid is secreted by the:
1) gastrin secreting cells
2) parietal cells
3) peptic cells
4) acidic cells
7. The primary dentition in human differs from permanent dentition in not having one of the following type of teeth:
1) Incisors
2) Canine
3) Premolars
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